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Education for employment: realizing Arab youth potential

[Education for Employment] E4E is education that leads to improved employment prospects. The need for E4E in the Ar... Show more
[Education for Employment] E4E is education that leads to improved employment prospects. The need for E4E in the Arab World is urgent and large scale. This report, an International Finance Corporation, World Bank Group-Islamic Development Bank Group (IFC-IsDB) report based on the findings of a study done by McKinsey and Company, explores how private stakeholders can contribute to meeting this need and identifies what enabling environment would be required for these activities to flourish. Beyond data analysis, the researchers engaged in discussions with all key stakeholders, including public and private education providers, civil society, public sector policy makers and administrators, private employers, and the youth themselves in order to understand each of their perspectives. In total, more than 200 in-depth interviews and surveys of 1,500 employers and 1,500 young people were undertaken, focusing on a set of countries accounting for approximately 70 per cent of the Arab World’s population and 60 per cent of its [gross domestic product] GDP and representing the diversity in geography, income, and population found in the region - Algeria, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Morocco, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Palestinian Territories, and Yemen. The report highlights three main areas for private sector involvement: vocational education and training (VET), university education, and work readiness. While specific solutions may differ from country to country, the report’s findings and themes have proven to be relevant across the whole region.
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Authors: Kandri, Salah-Eddine; Bjarnason, Svava; Elsadig, Ahmed

Date: 2011

Geographic subjects: Middle East; Arab countries; Africa ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Youth; Employment; Research ... [+] Show more
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Technical education and vocational training in Yemen and its relevance to the labour market

The formal education system of Yemen is composed of three levels: basic education which is equivalent to the conven... Show more
The formal education system of Yemen is composed of three levels: basic education which is equivalent to the conventional primary education; post-basic which includes four branches of education (general secondary education, vocational secondary education, vocational training and technical education) over two levels; and higher education which includes university education, teaching institutes and community colleges. The technical education and vocational training (TEVT) system has been undergoing restructuring in recent years in order to address the current and projected imbalance between the human resource requirements of the labour market in Yemen and the skills available in the workforce. The Ministry of Technical Education and Vocational Training (MoTEVT), with support from the European Commission and the World Bank, is working towards developing a new strategy for the sector to guide its future development. This report provides an overview of Yemen’s TEVT system and proposes a new strategy that will enhance the skills and qualifications of the workforce. The five strategic issues that are addressed in the proposed strategy are: responsiveness and equality; labour market links and enterprise participation; institutional capacity development; training centre capacity development; and sector financing. The contents are: Executive summary; Introduction and objectives; Yemen economic development overview and policy context; The labour market; The TEVT system in Yemen; Key issues and strategy development for the TEVT sector in Yemen. Show less

Corporate authors: European Training Foundation (ETF)

Date: 2004

Geographic subjects: Middle East; Yemen (Republic)

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Workforce development; Lifelong learning; Labour market ... [+] Show more
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Yemen Labour Force Survey 2013-14

The Labour Force Survey (LFS) 2013-14 is the second such survey that has been carried out in the last 15 years in Y... Show more
The Labour Force Survey (LFS) 2013-14 is the second such survey that has been carried out in the last 15 years in Yemen. Similar to the first survey in 1999, the LFS 2013-14 was conducted by the Central Statistical Organization [CSO] with assistance from the International Labour Office. More recently, CSO has conducted a population census in 2004 and a household child labour survey of adults and children in 2010. The primary objective of LFS 2013-14 was to provide current data on the employment and unemployment situation at national and governorate level using the new international standards concerning statistics of work, employment and labour underutilization adopted by the 19th International Conference of Labour Statisticians (Geneva, October 2013).
After reprocessing the LFS 2013-14 data according to the international standards of 1982 (13th [International Conference of Labour Statisticians] ICLS) to make the results comparable to the definitions used in the population census of 2004 and the household child labour survey of adults and children conducted in 2010, the results show that the labour force participation rate has somewhat increased during the 10-year period from 2004 to 2013-14. Both the number of unemployed and the unemployment rate, measured on a comparable basis, show a slight increase from 2004 to 2010 before a sharp decrease in 2013-14.
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Corporate authors: International Labour Organisation. Regional Office for Arab States

Date: 2015

Geographic subjects: Yemen (Republic); Middle East

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Labour market; Participation; Research ... [+] Show more
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Women in management in the Arab context

Purpose - This paper aims to explore the position of Arab women in management by examining the existing research on... Show more
Purpose - This paper aims to explore the position of Arab women in management by examining the existing research on gender and management in the Arab region in order to obtain an overall picture of the advancement of Arab women in their professional lives, point out coherent clusters of research and identify knowledge gaps in existing research. Design/methodology/approach - The study conducts a content analysis of academic articles in order to provide a quantitative as well as qualitative thematic overview of the topics [that] emerged from the literature. Findings - The statistical analysis of researches shows that, the topic of women in management is gaining more importance. The thematic overview of researches shows that authors have concentrated only on few and very broad topics, without much diversity or depth. Practical implications - The paper provides practitioners some understanding of the position of Arab women in management and factors that influence their professional lives. The paper sets a solid base of previous studies for future researchers studying women in management in the Arab region. Originality/value - The paper might be considered as the first study to give a systematic overview of the literature on women in management in the Arab region.
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Authors: Omair, Katlin

Date: 2008

Geographic subjects: Middle East;

Resource type: Article

Journal title: Education, business and society: contemporary Middle Eastern issues

Subjects: Management; Career development; Gender ... [+] Show more
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Higher education challenges in Yemen: discourses on English teacher education

[The authors] investigated Yemen's higher education challenges by focusing on the English teacher education program... Show more
[The authors] investigated Yemen's higher education challenges by focusing on the English teacher education program. Interpretative analysis of policy statements and interviews revealed several factors that are hindering the quality of the program. Deeply aware of the socio-political dimensions impeding progress, the university lecturers shared convoluted visions for improving higher education and, in reflecting on the mission and realities of their program, voiced their quest for social justice and recognition by university administrators. The administrators acknowledged key problems in teacher education, but proposed no specific corrective measures. The findings highlight the urgent need for systemic change in Yemeni higher education.
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Authors: Muthanna, Abdulghani; Karaman, A. Cendel

Date: 2014

Geographic subjects: Yemen (Republic); Middle East

Resource type: Article

Journal title: International journal of educational development

Subjects: Higher education; Teaching and learning; Language ... [+] Show more
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Regional workshop on preparation and development of educational materials for vocational guidance and counselling in the Arab States = Atelier de travail preparation et developpement du materiel d’education pour l’orientation technique et professionnelle dans les Pays Arabes, Cairo, 2-5 June/Juin 1997: final report/rapport final

This document comprises a report in Arabic and executive summaries in English and French. The workshop was organise... Show more
This document comprises a report in Arabic and executive summaries in English and French. The workshop was organised as part of the UNEVOC project work plan for 1996-1997 in the Arab States, to emphasise the development and improvement of training and vocational education (TVE) programs for Member States. Its objectives were to enhance professionals’ abilities and skills at bringing vocational guidance and curricula (VCE) to basic, secondary and further education levels. Following analysis of VCE in the Arab States, examples of educational modules and units were presented, discussed and evaluated. Three papers were presented identifying examples and approaches to enhance access of girls and women to technical and vocational education and the role of regional and international organisations in VCE was discussed. The article concludes with details of the outputs and results from the workshop. Show less

Corporate authors: Egypt. National Commission for UNESCO ... [+] Show more

Date: 1997

Geographic subjects: Middle East; Africa; Bahrain ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Conference

Subjects: Equity; Career development; Teaching and learning ... [+] Show more
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Mapping of good practices for business sector involvement in TVET in the MENA region

There is a mismatch between the available training offers and qualification of trainers and in-company instructors ... Show more
There is a mismatch between the available training offers and qualification of trainers and in-company instructors and the real needs of the labour market in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. The business sector is commonly assessed as not being sufficiently involved in the implementation and adaptation of vocational training. Long-term experience and best practice from Western countries have shown that one of the success factors for technical and vocational education and training (TVET) systems is firm and stable involvement of businesses in all steps of training development and implementation. The result is not only improvement of the training's practical orientation, but also its quality and the image of TVET in society. Furthermore, the financing of TVET is thus secured.
The objective of this study is the mapping and analysis of good practices for different types and approaches of business sector involvement in TVET. Its purpose is fostering the sharing of experiences with partners and learning from each other to replicate successful approaches. The involvement of the business sector can take place on different levels: governance/strategy, design, training delivery, examination and participation in financing. Success factors determining the selection of a project or part of a project as a good-practice example are: evidence, sustainability, transferability, impact, and achievements. In addition, the selected projects give interesting insight into the lessons learned.
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Authors: Stephany-Daguze, Maya; Jweiles, Ziad; Badran, Mohamed; Bauer, Kim Jennifer

Date: 2020

Geographic subjects: Middle East; Africa; Iraq ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Industry; Vocational education and training; Providers of education and training ... [+] Show more
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The demand for, and impact of, youth internships: evidence from a randomized experiment in Yemen

This paper evaluates a youth internship program in the Republic of Yemen that provided firms with a 50 per cent sub... Show more
This paper evaluates a youth internship program in the Republic of Yemen that provided firms with a 50 per cent subsidy to hire recent graduates of universities and vocational schools. The first round of the program took place in 2014 and required both firms and youth to apply for the program. The paper examines the demand for such a program, and finds that in the context of an economy facing substantial political and economic uncertainty, it appears there is an oversupply of graduates in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, and a relative under-supply of graduates in marketing and business. Conditional on the types of graduates firms were looking to hire as interns, applicants were then randomly chosen for the program. Receiving an internship resulted in an almost doubling of work experience in 2014, and a 73 per cent increase in income during this period compared with the control group. A short-term follow-up survey conducted just as civil conflict was breaking out shows that internship recipients had better employment outcomes than the control group in the first five months after the program ended.
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Authors: McKenzie, David; Assaf, Nabila; Cusolito, Ana Paula

Date: 2015

Geographic subjects: Yemen (Republic); Middle East

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: IZA discussion paper

Subjects: Youth; Workforce development; Employment ... [+] Show more
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What makes for a 'good' internship?

Internships are rapidly becoming integral to the school-to-work transition. Yet too little is known as to their eff... Show more
Internships are rapidly becoming integral to the school-to-work transition. Yet too little is known as to their effectiveness in providing a bridge to longer-term employment. Previous studies have repeatedly found a strong positive association between interns being paid and their post-programme labour market integration. However, convincing evidence is lacking on the causal mechanisms underlying this association. Data from two international surveys allow us to investigate the source of the differential impact of paid vs. unpaid internships. Our analysis of the first survey data confirms the existence of a robust positive association between the payment of interns and beneficial post-internship outcomes. The second allows us to go one step further and identify some of the specific characteristics underlying 'successful' internships. In particular, we find that internships that are structured, last at least six months, involve a mentor and provide health insurance produce better post-internship outcomes than those lacking these features.
Published abstract.
The volume from which this chapter is taken is available in VOCEDplus at TD/TNC 145.301. Show less

Authors: O'Higgins, Niall; Pinedo Caro, Luis

Date: 2021

Geographic subjects: Europe; United States; North America ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Book chapter

Series name: ILO future of work series

Subjects: Youth; Employment; Labour market ... [+] Show more
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Plan of action: national and regional workshop on enhancement of learning and training opportunities for youth in the Arab States, Aman 2-4 March 1997

This document comprises a report in Arabic and executive summaries in English and French. The goal of the program i... Show more
This document comprises a report in Arabic and executive summaries in English and French. The goal of the program is to enhance different learning and training opportunities for marginalised youth, especially those not going to schools or training centres, such as youth groups living in the post war arena or countries suffering from rapid social, economic and political change. The countries selected were Algeria, Egypt, Lebanon, Yemen, and Gaza and West Bank. Topics covered include national needs and assessment and identification of fields and programs needed to ensure that marginalised people have access to work experience and professional career help. Various national projects were discussed and plans of action were determined, including the costs of training programs. Recommendations are listed, including the formulation of a Steering Committee to supervise and follow-up the planned activities. Show less

Corporate authors: United Nations. Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)

Date: 1997

Geographic subjects: Middle East; Africa; Lebanon ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Guide

Series name: Studies in technical and vocational education in the Arab States

Subjects: Youth; Disadvantaged; Equity ... [+] Show more

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